Archive for functional strength training

Functional Strength Training: Key to Generating Power and Speed

This is the final post of a four-part series on functional strength training. Click below to see other posts in the series.
Is Functional Strength Training A Fad? A Gimmick?

Stop Leaking Speed!
You Need To Be Stable To Perform Your Best


If parts one, two, and three of our series on functional strength training haven’t convinced you that you must be a strong and stable athlete in order to perform at your potential, consider this:

1. Becoming functionally strong will make you faster. Guaranteed.

2. Together with a solid training program and time spent on sport-specific drills, being functionally strong will make you an all-around more powerful athlete.

3. You will NEVER unlock your ultimate athletic potential by simply putting in mega-hours practicing or training.

These are the simple facts…. By becoming functionally strong you will teach your body how to generate power AND move effectively and efficiently. Focused functional strength work will get the big prime movers moving, and the stabilizers stabilizing. You will build more effective and solid biomechanics to move you efficiently and speedily in your sport.

So how does functional strength help you generate power?

For one, it allows you to build and use “elastic return” when running. Here’s what we mean.

A runner—let’s call him John—is functionally strong. In his running he is reaping the benefits of good biomechanics, sound stability, and enhanced mobility and flexibility—all afforded by adopting and adhering to a functional strength plan over time.

John looks as though he runs effortlessly. He always looks like he’s in the zone, and never seems to be expending great effort for the speed he is running. When you see him you think, “Mr. Smooth.”

Of course no one can run without effort, not even John. But what runners like John have—that you likely do not—is the ability to minimize the energy and effort used to run by having a musculature that efficiently stores and returns energy—elastic return. That’s how they generate POWER. And that comes from being FUNCTIONALLY STRONG, in all the right ways.

Here’s a simple explanation of elastic return:

Your muscles are like big rubber bands. When you stretch the rubber band you are building elastic energy. Let it go, and the force built up in the band is suddenly released and it, literally, flies. That concept is the same for your muscles. “Elastic return” is the ability of your muscles to store energy and return the force that is built up.

When you run, your leg and hip muscles stretch, just like a rubber band. Force and power build up in the stretched muscles. Your muscles then release the force, which propels you with forward motion—elastic return.

A muscle with higher elastic return will return more stored energy allowing you to run faster and longer while using less energy. It makes you more EFFICIENT and POWERFUL.

Faster running, fewer heartbeats. Win-win.

The ability to be a more efficient, powerful, and faster athlete with great elastic return in the muscles is available to anyone willing to commit to becoming functionally strong. What are you waiting for?

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Stop Leaking Speed! You Need Functional Strength Training

Four-part series on the importance of Functional Strength Training:
Is Functional Strength Training A Fad? A Gimmick?
Functional Strength Training: You Need To Be Stable To Perform Your Best
Functional Strength Training: Key to Generating Power and Speed


Stop Leaking Speed!

“My easy run pace is a minute per mile faster.”

“How did I just drop 10 seconds in my 100 meter swim repeats?”

We hear these kinds of comments ALL the time from our athletes. Invariably, after a few months of dedicating themselves to the customized functional strength program we prescribe here at Pursuit Athletic Performance, our athletes start to notice improvements in their speed.

We will say it loud and clear:

YOU WILL GET FASTER, BE MORE POWERFUL, MORE AGILE, MORE STABLE, MORE INJURY-RESISTANT, AND ABLE TO GO THE DISTANCE IF YOU BECOME AND STAY FUNCTIONALLY STRONG.

When we first see an athlete, whether it be a runner, triathlete, or cyclistr, nine times out of ten they are “leaking speed.” They leak speed through a number of things:

  • Compensations in their movements
  • Overall weakness
  • Incredible instability
  • Using all the wrong muscles to power their way through training and racing

Most of the time, the athlete’s prime movers like glutes are weak and inactive, while the smaller stabilizing muscles have stepped in to do the work. These small stabilizers end up shredded workout after workout, leading to the inability to recover from hard training, and, ultimately, to injury.

The scenario above presents itself in all levels of athletes right up to the elite of the elite. (The elite just compensate “better,” and draw on a deep pool of natural talent to power through.) Eventually, the functionally weak athlete–no matter who they are–will end up in a performance plateau (at best), and likely injured.

A good functional strength program will improve the stability of your joints, improve neuro-muscular firing, and give your greater range of motion. Most of all, your true athleticism emerges as you stop leaking performance energy and are able to transfer POWER from your sport-specific movement into SPEED.

In our next post, we discuss the important role of functional strength in providing stability and power transfer.

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Is Functional Strength Training A Fad? A Gimmick?

This is the first in a four-part series on functional strength training. Click the links below to read the other posts in the series:
Stop Leaking Speed; You Need to Be Stable to Perform Your Best; Functional Strength: Key to Generating Power

Trends and fads in the fitness world come and go. There was Tae Bo, step aerobics–the list is endless. In 2012, even the ever-popular Pilates fell off the American College of Sports Medicine list of the top 20 worldwide fitness trends.

So what about the ubiquitous “Functional Strength Training”? Is it too a fad? A gimmick?

The answer is a resounding NO.

In our series of four posts on functional strength training, we’ll walk you through:

  • What functional strength training is
  • Why it is necessary for your sport-specific training
  • How it can make you a stronger and more powerful athlete

Let’s start with an overview.

Functional strength training involves building strength and mobility by moving in multiple planes of motion with the use of multiple joints. FUNCTIONAL STRENGTH MOVEMENTS RELATE TO WHAT YOU ACTUALLY DO IN A GIVEN SPORT.

Our bodies are called on to move in many different ways and in different planes when participating in sport. Functional strength movements mimic this by breaking down how we move, and FOCUSING the athlete on the firing multiple muscle groups in various positions with varying ranges of motion and intensity. Think one-legged split squats done with rubber bands for resistance, and executed in different ways–two feet on the floor, or on one leg.

The muscles of the core are engaged, and a degree of instability is incorporated to call on neuromuscular balancing. Add to that, learning to transfer power in sport-specific movements, and you have the basis of a proper functional strength plan. Over time, it all works together to allow individuals to perform their sport more efficiently, faster, and with less risk of injury.

In an article in Lava Magazine, Matt Dixon, MSC puts it well. He says:

The primary purpose of including functional strength as part of an overall training program is to make an athlete just that–an athlete. Creating a platform of muscular balance, synchronized muscle firing, and optimal ballistic output of the muscles can translate across all sports.

We couldn’t agree more.

Functional strength training is the KEY to you being able to derive maximum benefit from your training. Being functionally strong allows you to unlock speed and create the foundation for DRAMATIC IMPROVEMENT.

When you watch Ironman World Champion Chrissie Wellington run a 2:48 marathon after a 112-mile bike, believe it when we say the woman has outstanding functional strength. Talent by the boatload for sure, but she is also incredibly strong, stable, and mobile in all the right ways. And you can be too.

There is hot debate in the endurance world on the role of strength training. Many triathlon and running coaches claim all you need to do is “just train more” for performance gains to be made–strength training need not be part of a plan. We know that advice is dead WRONG, and counterproductive to your performance and goals over the long term. You can see our blog post about that issue here.

The hundreds of athletes we have worked with prove that a focus on building functional strength–separate from sport-specific training–is CENTRAL to improved performance. It’s borne out with any and every client–from vet to newbie–who followed and stuck with our training recommendations.

Functional Strength Training is an immutable part of a good, comprehensive sport training plan whether you are a runner, triathlete, or swimmer. This might be a new truth for many. But to not be FUNCTIONALLY strong does an immense disservice to your training and performance. Without it, you can’t even come close to unlocking your ultimate potential.

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Functional Strength Training: You Need To Be Stable To Perform Your Best

This is the third post of a four-part series on functional strength training. Click below to see other posts in the series.
Is Functional Strength Training A Fad? A Gimmick?

Stop Leaking Speed!
Functional Strength Training: Key to Generating Power and Speed


Functional Strength Training: You Need To Be Stable To Perform Your Best

We’ve spent the last few blog posts talking about what functional strength training is, and outlining why it is supremely important for any athlete to get and stay as functionally strong as possible. Let’s talk now about the importance of STABILITY, a key athletic component that can be greatly improved through functional strength training.

“Stability? Huh? No coach has ever mentioned that.”

It’s much easier to tell an athlete to “just train more” for gains in their chosen sport than to explain why seemingly amorphous concepts like stability, mobility, and neuro-muscular firing are essential for top performance. Driven athletes often like short answers, and the advice that seems to resonate–and is most readily accepted–is to train more, more, and still more. We have an informative blog post here on why following the “just train more” philosophy is ultimately disastrous.

But back to the issue of stability….

If you are not functionally strong, your body cannot remain stable during the rigor of training or competition–and you need to be rock solid. When an athlete is functionally weak, FORM is the first thing to go when fatigue sets in. We’ve quoted trainer Matt Dixon in this blog before, and, again, he sums up why being a stable athlete is so important. In this case, he writes on the sport of triathlon, but his words apply across many sports:

The elements of triathlon are each performed in effectively a single plane. However, when fatigue sets in, the first thing you will notice is the athlete’s inability to control slight lateral (out-of-plane) movements. Hips and shoulders rock from side to side, efficiency drops and the metabolic costs rise. Once this instability sets in, it is extremely hard to reverse.

Instead, using functional strength training to ignite the big prime movers (glutes, quads, and hamstrings) so they can do their job for extended periods of time is essential. The important, supporting stabilizing muscles can then go to work to help you KEEP GOOD BIOMECHANICAL FORM OVER LONG DISTANCES. If you want to perform at your best over the long haul, the simple fact is you have to be solid and stable.

We know sport–particularly running–shouldn’t and doesn’t have to hurt. Injuries do not have to be accepted as the norm. Athletes can return to race and make gains season after season. None of that is possible, however, if you are a weak, unstable athlete, falling apart biomechanically.

In our next and final post in this series, we’ll talk about how functional strength training helps you produce more power. And we all want that!

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Core Class, Boot Camp…Great Ways to Get Stronger? Not Necessarily… (Part 3 of 3)

This is the final post in our three-part series on core development. There others are What You Don’t Know About the Core Can Hurt You and Core Training: Why Hard Effort Does Not Always Equal Success

Hello Everyone!

Coach Al here. I am wrapping up our series on core development with this video blog post. I want to take the time to delve into another serious misunderstanding that pervades the athletic world about core development work and functional strength training. It is the idea that if you go to a class or boot camp, or you work really hard using the latest, popular DVD, then the benefits of improved performance and diminished risk of injury will come.

There is no doubt that a strong and stable body will keep you healthier and make you faster. However, taking classes or following a routine on a DVD amounts to nothing more than selecting exercises at random as they do not not address your particular issues and weaknesses. Without first knowing how YOU MOVE in order to tailor strength work to your particular needs, you will not secure the benefits you seek and deserve. A generic, random approach to core development and functional strength work is NOT smart training, and is not a good use of your time.

I hope you will listen and come away with a better understanding of what it takes to get truly strong. If you do the work, you deserve to reap the benefits of better performance, reduced injury, and enhanced overall health.

The other posts in this series I recommend you take the time to read are What You Don’t Know About the Core Can Hurt You and The Insidious Infiltration of a Training Mindset into Core Work.

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Ask Coach Al: Let’s Talk Recovery

Coach Al Lyman, CSCS, FMS, HKC

Hello all!

Recovery is such an important topic for endurance athletes. I am very careful with the athletes I coach to be sure they not only work hard to achieve their goals, but that they also learn to recover well from hard training sessions and racing. Part of the training I prescribe includes regular and ongoing personalized functional strength work in order for my athletes to work from a body that is durable and resilient. This is immensely important to not only reaching athletic potential, BUT also to essential to proper recovery. My athletes, I’m happy to say, race regularly, reach incredible goals, AND come back to train and race year after year.

This audio is a general conversation about issues relating to recovery. I talk about stress in its many forms–training, nutritional, adrenal, etc.–and how all of it impacts the ability to recover. Does diminished soreness mean you are recovered from that long race? With so many of you gearing up for your A races of the season, it’s a good time to revisit issues related to this important topic.

Play

Coach Al

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Gluteal Amnesia? Here’s Your Rx

Functional strength training activates the gluteal muscles

Gluteus maximus (Anv?ndare:Chrizz, CC BY-SA 3.0)

“Gluteal amnesia” is a great phrase coined by Stuart McGill, PhD, one of the world’s foremost experts on spine biomechanics. And you know what? Based on the athletes we see coming into our Gait Analysis Lab every day, you probably have it. And it’s not a good thing.

So much of athletic performance depends on the optimal functioning of your butt and all the gluteal muscles–maximus, medius and minimus–in concert with the functional integrity of your hips and pelvis. This is the powerhouse that generates propulsive athletic movement, and when functioning properly, is majorly important in helping to prevent injuries.

“Gluteal amnesia” is particularly detrimental to athletes. Many of us in modern society have lost our ability to engage the butt muscles and hips during exercise due to lifestyles that include a great deal of sitting, driving, being hunched over a computer, etc. When the ability to move correctly and with functional integrity is lost, performance is adversely affected for sure, and the risk of injury rises exponentially.

Functional Integity of the Pelvis & Hips: Gluteal Activation Enhances Athleticism and Injury Prevention, published in Dynamic Chiropractic, is a great article that goes in-depth on the importance of the function of the glutes, hips, and pelvis. It’s worth your time to read it for a deeper understanding of how important the issue is to your athletic performance.

We want to make clear, however, that overcoming “gluteal amnesia” is about more than simply strengthening the glutes. We encourage you to revisit our posts on functional strength training and authentic movement to learn more about the importance of establishing and owning a neutral pelvis, achieving muscular balance, and becoming stable. Getting functionally strong, activating your glutes, and strengthening your hips is far more than just throwing a bunch of exercises at your body, especially if you do them with bad form, or if they’re an incorrect exercise for you. We hope to help you put the pieces together to learn how exceptional athleticism is derived, then have you take action. Conquering overall “functional amnesia” is how to unlock your potential, and become the best athlete you can be.

A Quick Fitness Boost Now…Or Faster, Lasting Results in the Long Run?

Coach Al Lyman, CSCS, FMS, HKC

Don’t put fitness on top of dysfunction.Gray Cook, PT, co- creator of the Functional Movement Screen

If you are like most endurance athletes in the northern hemisphere, you’ve put the 2011 season behind you, and are anxiously looking toward 2012 hoping to make it even better. Among the things you might be pondering is whether to add a new piece of training equipment or whether to start a new training program. Before you decide which new tools or tricks you want to add to your training mix, I highly recommend you take a step back for a moment, and begin your path to a great 2012 season by first taking a focused look at the quality, rather than just the quantity, of your movement. More miles or reps at the beginning stages of training, if some aspect of your movement is inefficient, causes pain, or is putting you at higher risk of injury, is short sighted and will surely end up slowing your ultimate progress. In short, avoid adding progressive fitness elements to your training (positives) before you resolve lingering sources of pain, inefficiency, or dysfunction (negatives).

More specifically, the “negatives” might be:

1. A restriction in movement or lack of appropriate mobility where it is needed.

2. A lack of stability or muscle balance.

3. A nagging injury that you’ve been nursing for a while resulting in other tissues being forced to compensate or absorb more stress than they were designed to handle.

Even a subtle lack of balanced strength and flexibility around the hips/pelvis, or in other joints in the body, will prevent you from achieving the desired results from challenging workouts. In a way, it would be akin to a farmer trying to plant seeds on gravel. They (the workouts) simply won’t be landing on fertile soil and will have little chance of producing a bountiful harvest. And a bountiful harvest–results– is what matters!

The bottom line: You have to move well before you throw reps, high heart rate, and miles at your movement pattern.

My suggestion to you: choose to reverse the “negatives” now!

Here are some TIPS to help you do just that:

o Know this: when you massage or use a foam roller on “healthy” muscle tissue, it shouldn’t be painful. If doing foam roller work is painful, the tissue has lingering micro-trauma and damage. Be smart and take care of the soft tissue work now to ensure normal muscle elasticity when you resume more progressive training.

o Get screened and/or evaluated by a knowledgeable professional who knows (and can show you) the difference between core “strength” and core “stability.” There is a difference! The best “screen” I know of is the Functional Movement Screen (FMS), which is an excellent way to learn what your weak links, asymmetries, and overall risk of injury is. Find a certified provider near you.

o If appropriate levels of flexibility are an issue it is going to interfere with training at some point. Remember, you might be “inflexible” in certain places because your body is creating stiffness due to a weak synergistic muscle somewhere else. Things aren’t always as they seem. Learn about Active Isolated Stretching and focus your flexibility work on muscles that are tight due to your lifestyle (sitting at a desk or behind the steering wheel for example).

o Poor mobility, stability, or balance will interfere with training. Get them cleared at the beginning of your training, so that they won’t limit your progress or create greater risk of injury moving forward.

o You can visit me and my partner, Dr. Kurt Strecker, at our Gait Analysis Lab and get a full assessment of all of the above items, starting with a detailed exam, FMS, and 3D-video analysis. We also do online assessments also for those of you who cannot make it to the lab.

o Besides being assessed by a professional, start videotaping every exercise you are doing in your routine. Learn and study what good movement is and improve your awareness of how you are moving.

All of the above applies whether you are a novice or elite athlete. We know that the central nervous system (CNS) of talented high-level athletes is much better at compensating than the average person’s CNS. However, an elite or a top age group athlete could still have a restriction in movement, or a lack of basic core stability or compensation that is holding them back. Here’s a prime example.

Lis Kenyon, who I coach, WON her age-group in Kona this year (and set a course record doing the same in 2010). She recently visited our Gait Lab. We discovered a number of issues related to stability, muscle balance, and strength. Despite the fact that she handily beat the best in the world in her age-group, she still has room for improvement and can be even healthier–and faster. As her coach, I feel that is exciting and is something that we can all learn from.

To summarize, this is a little bit like the story of The Tortoise and the Hare. You could start out now with workouts designed to achieve fast fitness benefits. OR you can decide to learn how to move better now, and increase the chances of finishing stronger and better later in the season. If you get it right in the beginning of the training process and progress steadily forward, you will most certainly increase your chances of “winning” in the end, beating the hares every time. Improving how you move NOW will pay big dividends in the long run, in the form of improved vitality, youthfulness, and much faster race results!